Synchronized Phasor Measurements For Smart Grids

Download Synchronized Phasor Measurements For Smart Grids

The use of advanced technologies has made it possible to transform the power grid to an intelligent smart grid with real time control and monitoring of the system. The development of Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) and the resulting possibility of real time measurements has enabled different power system applications to enhance the stability, state estimation, load estimation, power network protection, Wide-Area Security Assessment and reliability of the power grid. Topics covered in this book include synchrophasors for improving the performance of power systems; optimal reliability criterion index (ORC) for optimal placement of phasor measurement Units (PMU); wide area measurement based power network protection; synchrophasor assisted visualization and protection of power systems; PMU measurements for enhanced power grid monitoring and protection; fault monitoring, detection and correction using synchrophasor measurements in modern power systems; transmission line fault detection, classification and localization in smart power grids; PMU-based vulnerability assessment of power systems; synchrophasor applications for load estimation and stability analysis; state estimation in the presence of synchronized measurement; PMU based wide-area security assessment. Synchronized Phasor Measurements for Smart Grids is essential reading for professional engineers and researchers, as well as graduate and PhD students, in power systems research.

Sensory Discrimination Tests And Measurements: Sensometrics In Sensory Evaluation, 2nd Edition

Download Sensory Discrimination Tests And Measurements: Sensometrics In Sensory Evaluation, 2nd Edition

Sensory testing and measurement are the main functions of sensory analysis. In recent years, the sensory and consumer field has evolved to include both difference testing and similarity testing, and new sensory discrimination methods such as the tetrads have received more attention in the literature.

This second edition of Sensory Discrimination Tests and Measurements is updated throughout and responds to these changes and includes:

A wide range of sensory measurements:

Measurements of sensory effect (d′, R–index and Gini–index);

Measurements of performance of trained sensory panel (Intraclass correlation coefficients and Cronbach’s coefficient alpha);

Measurements of relative importance of correlated sensory and consumer attributes (drivers of consumer liking or purchase intent);

Measurements of consumer emotions and psychographics;

Measurements of time–intensity;

Measurements of sensory thresholds;

Measurements of sensory risk with negative sensory effects (Benchmark Dose, BMD, methodology)

Measurements of sensory shelf life (SSL).

A balanced introduction of sensory discrimination tests including difference tests and similarity tests.

Bayesian approach to sensory discrimination tests.

Modified and multiple–sample discrimination tests.

Replicated discrimination tests using the beta–binomial (BB), corrected beta–binomial (CBB), and Dirichlet–multinomial (DM) models.

Sensory discrimination methods including the tetrads and the ‘M+N’.

R and S–Plus codes for all the measurements and tests introduced in the book.

Mainly intended for researchers and practitioners in the sensory and consumer field, the book is a useful reference for modern sensory analysis and consumer research, especially for sensometrics.